Why Africa Remains Underdeveloped Despite its Potential? Which Theory can Help Africa to Develop?_Crimson Publishers

Why Africa Remains Underdeveloped Despite its Potential? Which Theory can Help Africa to Develop? by Negussie Siyum in Open Access Biostatistics & Bioinformatics

Africa is rich in natural as well as human resources which are the basis for the prosperity of a given nation. Despite its potential the continent is still underdeveloped. Different scholars have tried to analyze the root causes of under development in Africa in different perspective. Some from the colonization perspective and others from the political set up of the continent. Based on this rational, we were initiated to review different literatures to identify the real causes of poverty in Africa, and to recommend an appropriate development theory for the continent. The socio political set up of African countries has a similarity with those of the East Asian nations which have brought economic progress through exercising developmental state.

https://crimsonpublishers.com/oabb/fulltext/OABB.000506.php

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Phylogenetic Methods and its Applications_Crimson Publishers

Phylogenetic Methods and its Applications by Geetika Munjal in Open Access Biostatistics &Bioinformatics

The phylogenetic tree portrays a relationship between sets of species and represents a model of molecular evolution. The current forms of species retain many of their ancestral features, some of which gradually change to help these species adjust to their environment. We provide a review of phylogenetic construction and validation methods and its application in cancer analysis. The need of alignment free methods for sequence comparison is also explored as an alternative to alignment based methods.

https://crimsonpublishers.com/oabb/fulltext/OABB.000505.php

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Explaining Birds Colorful Plumages and Beauty Preferences by Demand Relationships with Information and Confidence Level Analyses_Crimson Publishers

Explaining Birds Colorful Plumages and Beauty Preferences by Demand Relationships with Information and Confidence Level Analyses by Chenguang Lu in Open Access Biostatistics & Bioinformatics

Why do many male birds display specific colorful patterns on their plumage? The demand-relationship theory explains that beauty preferences reflect human and birds' desire for approaching some objects; these patterns look beautiful because they resemble their ideal food sources or environments. Mutants that have enhanced human and birds' ability and motivation in finding these were hence selected by nature. Such beauty preferences of the female birds then selected the male plumage. Some convincing photos are provided. A statistical analysis about inference "If a bird has yellow feather then it probably likes eating nectar” shows that this inference has higher confidence level and conveys more semantic information than inference "If a person has high triglyceride then he probably also has fatty liver”.

https://crimsonpublishers.com/oabb/fulltext/OABB.000504.php

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On Modeling Water Transport in Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell_Crimson Publishers

On Modeling Water Transport in Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell by Ahmed Kaffel* in Open Access Biostatistics &Bioinformatics

There is a great need to predict liquid water saturation in porous layers such as gas diffusion layers (GDL) and micro porous layers (MPL) of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) as this is a key parameter in flooding occurrence which is a limiting factor of PEM fuel cell performance. Several models have been developed in order to study water distribution and migration in micro porous layers. These models require heavy computational efforts and doubt in their applicability to the gas diffusion layer (GDL). Recently Qin & Hassanizadeh [1] developed a new approach based on the reduced continua model for modeling multiphase flow through a stack of thin porous layers. Their  approach requires much less computational efforts and predicts less water flooding in the GDL, but is using an empirical closure inaccurate model.

https://crimsonpublishers.com/oabb/fulltext/OABB.000503.php

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Adjusted Risk Difference Estimation: An Assessment of Convergence Problems with Application to Malaria Efficacy Studies- Crimson Publishers

Adjusted Risk Difference Estimation: An Assessment of Convergence Problems with Application to Malaria Efficacy Studies by Mukaka Mavuto*, White SA, Mwapasa V, Kalilani-Phiri L, Terlouw DJ and Faragher Brian E in Open Access Biostatistics &Bioinformatics

A common measure of treatment effect in malaria efficacy studies is the risk difference, which can be estimated using binomial regression models. These models can fail to provide estimates, however, due to model failure or model convergence problems. Such failure most commonly occurs when the rate is close to 0% or 100% (a "boundary problem”) but can also occur occasionally even when the rate is not close to a boundary. This paper reports the findings from simulation studies performed to evaluate the factors that may contribute to model failure when using binomial regression to derive risk difference estimates.

Convergence rates were found to fall:

    i) As one or both efficacy rates moved towards a boundary value, irrespective of the number of covariates included in the model;

    ii) As the numbers of covariates in the model increased;

    iii) As the levels of correlation between covariates the covariates increased. In all circumstances, convergence was poor when the efficacy rate in either group was 90% or more.

https://crimsonpublishers.com/oabb/fulltext/OABB.000502.php

Biostatics: An Introduction-Crimson Publishers

Biostatics: An Introduction by Kshitij Shinghal* in Open Access Biostatistics & Bioinformatics

Biostatistics is an emerging field involving the application of statistical principles to a wide range of topics in biology i.e. process data related to living organisms. In biostatics, the principles of statics are applied to design and analyze experiments related to biological phenomenon. It involves the collection, summarization, and analysis of data from the above-said experiments along with interpretation and inference from the results. After performing a biological experiment data collected, lying in an unorganized way without analysis is of no use, unless it is properly sorted, presented, compared, analyzed and interpreted. For performing analysis, sorting and presentation of biological data, acquired from biological experiments biostatistics is serving as an extremely useful means.
 https://crimsonpublishers.com/oabb/fulltext/OABB.000501.php