The First Experience of Tomographic Representation of an ECG-Signal

At present, spectacular progress is achieved in the development of probabilistic approach to the basic principles of quantum mechanics (for instance, see [1]). This approach is based on tomographic representation of density matrix and the Wigner function [2,3], yielded by the Radon transform [4]. The probabilistic approach made it possible to apply the methods of quantum mechanics in description of various signals. The most comprehensive description of this method is given in [5]. Especially interesting are the attempts to use the tomographic approach to transform and analyze the medical signals [6,7]. When processing such signals, the Fourier transform is widely used, representing the signal as a function of the frequency ω. This transform is currently a common tool in the analysis of Electrocardiograms (ECGs). The tomographic transformation makes it possible to represent the signal as a positively defined function that simultaneously depends on both time and frequency. Recently, the tomographic representation was applied for processing some biological signals [8,9]. These studies were carried out to evaluate new perspectives that open up when analyzing a human ECG using tomographic representation.

Tomographic Representation

The tomographic representation can be introduced as a generalization of the Wigner function to a positive definite distribution [10]. A rigorous description of this mathematical transformation is given in [5], and a detailed description of its application to the analysis of some biological signals is given in [8,9]. Here we will give a brief description of the essence of the tomographic representation.

Read More About This Article: 10.31031/OABB.2024.03.000568

Read More About our Journal: https://crimsonpublishers.com/oabb/

Managing Pandemic Disasters: A Resource-Based Analysis

Healthcare crises are well-known phenomena that occur and are highly disruptive. Consider, for example, Covid19 and other pandemics, wars, multi-casualty natural disasters, industrial disasters, etc. Healthcare systems in Brazil, Spain, Italy, and more around the world collapsed due to the lack of a clear methodology for handling such crises. Following a largescale value creation project with a large medical center we developed a resource-based methodology to cope with three healthcare crisis scenarios: “Peace”, “War” and “Tsunami”.

We identified three load/capacity scenarios for hospitals: “Peace”, “War” and “Tsunami”. The Peacetime scenario is the normal overload situation in a hospital. Figure 1 during “Peace” times, hospitals are usually 10%-20% short in resources. To overcome bottlenecks, managers apply evolutionary methods such as constraint management [1], the complete kit concept, etc. This is the normal condition in hospitals where there are fluctuations in supply and demand. Bottlenecks in this situation are typically medical crews: senior physicians and experienced nurses.

Read More About This Article: 10.31031/OABB.2024.03.000567

Read More About our Journal: https://crimsonpublishers.com/oabb/

Artificial Cell Membranes as Bioinformation Hubs: Unraveling Therapeutic Networks through Nano-Informatics

In this brief the innovative realm of artificial cell membranes as bioinformation hubs, specifically focusing on their role in creating therapeutic networks, is proposed. The integration of advanced nanotechnologies, bioinformatics, cheminformatics, and medical informatics has paved the way for the development of in silico tools that facilitate the simulation of interactions and mechanisms of toxicity in therapeutic products, particularly in drug delivery nanosystems. Various specialized cloud platforms incorporate libraries of diverse nanomaterials with comprehensive morphological and biological data, enabling correlation with potential adverse effects. Such tools prove invaluable in guiding the pharmaceutical industry in the development of innovative therapeutical formulations and aiding regulatory agencies in evaluating decision-making nanoplatforms. Finally, in this opinion-article we support the idea the cell membranes could be considered as bioinformation hubs and artificial pharmaceutical nanoplatforms.

 Read More About This Article: https://crimsonpublishers.com/oabb/fulltext/OABB.000566.php

Read More About our Journal: https://crimsonpublishers.com/oabb/

Adapting Hartigan & Wong K-Means for the Efficient Clustering of Sets1

Abstract

This paper proposes an algorithm, named HWK-Sets, based on K-Means, suited for clustering data which are variable-sized sets of elementary items. An example of such data occurs in the analysis of medical diagnosis, where the goal is to detect human subjects who share common diseases so as to predict future illnesses from previous medical history possibly. Clustering sets is difficult because data objects do not have numerical attributes and therefore it is not possible to use the classical Euclidean distance upon which K-Means is normally based. An adaptation of the Jaccard distance between sets is used, which exploits application-sensitive information. More in particular, the Hartigan and Wong variation of K-Means is adopted, which can favor the fast attainment of a careful solution. The HWK-Sets algorithm can flexibly use various stochastic seeding techniques. Since the difficulty of calculating a mean among the sets of a cluster, the concept of a medoid is employed as a cluster representative (centroid), which always remains a data object of the application. The paper describes the HWK-Sets clustering algorithm and outlines its current implementation in Java based on parallel streams. After that, the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed algorithm are demonstrated by applying it to 15 benchmark datasets.

Read More About This Article: https://crimsonpublishers.com/oabb/fulltext/OABB.000564.php

Read More About Crimson Publishers: https://crimsonpublishers.com/

Binomial Population of Biological Objects

Opinion

Let the system consist of n of the same type and independent biological individuals with the same indicator p survival at a given interval [0,T] time [1]. Let us assume that a population is subject to an epidemic that leads to the death of some of the individuals.

Read More About This Article: https://crimsonpublishers.com/oabb/fulltext/OABB.000563.php

Read More About Crimson Publishers: https://crimsonpublishers.com/

On Structure-Function Asymmetry

Abstract

This is a short opinion article pointing out the importance of examining more precisely the intimate relationship between structure and function that arises for all complex systems. It is claimed that this relationship is highly asymmetrical, which has many unforeseen consequences. The presented claims are made based on intuition and inductive reasoning. Although some claims may be only partially valid, for instance, under yet to be specified conditions, they can inspire new research directions to investigate in future

Read More About This Article: https://crimsonpublishers.com/oabb/fulltext/OABB.000562.php

Read More About Crimson Publishers: https://crimsonpublishers.com/

Again, about the Rhythms of Biological Processes

Opinion

Biological rhythms are one of the components of the endogenous time of an organism as a set of all its temporal processes. Circadian, ultra- and intracardiac rhythms have such temporal parameters as latency, speed, period, duration and frequency, i.e., are temporary processes. They are superimposed on the directed time of ontogenesis and, together with monophasic processes, trends and cycles, determine the biochemical and physiological specifics of its certain periods. Numerous studies of the past three decades have contributed to the understanding of the types of molecular oscillators that shape cellular rhythms. These include: an oscillator of impulse activity in neurons and some endocrinocytes; an oscillator that reflects the circadian rhythms of the cAMP and Ca2+ content; redox oscillator and finally PER - oscillator, working on the basis of interactions of clock proteins [1-5]. The specificity of the interaction of these oscillators in cells of different tissues is gradually becoming clear: in endocrinocytes, in blood cells, in hepatocytes and adipocytes. However, the essence of the functions of the rhythms themselves as time processes is not clear enough.

Read More About This Article: https://crimsonpublishers.com/oabb/fulltext/OABB.000560.php

Read More About Crimson Publishers: https://crimsonpublishers.com/

Bayesian Shape Invariant Model for Latent Growth Curve with Time-Invariant Covariates

Abstract

In the attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) study, children are prescribed different stimulant medications. The height measurements are recorded longitudinally along with the medication time. Differences among the patients are captured by the parameters suggested the Superimposition by Translation and Rotation (SITAR) model using three subject-specific parameters to estimate their deviation from the mean growth curve. In this paper, we generalize the SITAR model in a Bayesian way with time-invariant covariates. The time-invariant model allows us to predict latent growth factors. Since patients suffer from a common disease, they usually exhibit a similar pattern, and it is natural to build a nonlinear model that is shaped invariant. The model is semi-parametric, where the population time curve is modeled with a natural cubic spline. The original shape invariant growth curve model, motivated by epidemiological research on the evolution of pubertal heights over time, fits the underlying shape function for height over age and estimates subject-specific deviations from this curve in terms of size, tempo, and velocity using maximum likelihood. The usefulness of the model is illustrated in the attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) study. Further, we demonstrated the effect of stimulant medications on pubertal growth by gender.

Read More About This Article: https://crimsonpublishers.com/oabb/fulltext/OABB.000559.php

Read More About Crimson Publishers: https://crimsonpublishers.com/

Resolving Issues at Host Level Using Variable Reduction Methods: Case of Cornudiscoides Spp. (Platyhelminthes: Monogenoidea)

 

Abstract

Taxonomy deals with delineating and classifying organisms, and traditionally relies on morphological characters only. We have used morphological characters, and molecular biology to distinguish monogenoids at generic and specific levels. Principal Component Analysis provided a magnifying glass to resolve the taxonomic issues as well as their host levels.

Read More About This Article: https://crimsonpublishers.com/oabb/fulltext/OABB.000558.php

Read More About Crimson Publishers: https://crimsonpublishers.com/

A Behavioral Learning Theory Public Health Education and Promotion Campaign Plan for COVID-19

Abstract

The article includes a COVID-19 public health education and promotion campaign plan to prompt change by applying major behavioral change principles and procedures. Best practices research to motivate, support, and sustain health behavior change includes the application of Behavioral Learning Theory when educating the public regarding COVID-19 health challenges. Topics evaluated include:

1)Behavioral Learning Theory,

2)6-month timeline for accomplishing three COVID-19 public health communication objectives, and

3)SWOT analysis.

Read More About This Article: https://crimsonpublishers.com/oabb/fulltext/OABB.000557.php

Read More About Crimson Publishers: https://crimsonpublishers.com/

Global Social and Economic Impact of SARS- CoV-2 Pandemic on Industry Sectors

Abstract

On December 31, 2019, the Chinese government formally proclaimed the identification of a new type of coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) as the etiological source of a critical respiratory disease in Wuhan city, Hubei Province. Over the next few weeks, SARS-CoV-2 introduced a global pandemic as formally declared by the WHO on March 11th, 2020, with inveterate cases and deaths in more than 212 countries leading to exceptional social and economic consequences.

Read More About This Article: https://crimsonpublishers.com/oabb/fulltext/OABB.000556.php

Read More About Crimson Publishers: https://crimsonpublishers.com/

Differential Mathematical Models of Intellectu- alization of Fast Flow Processes on Railway Elec- tricity Supply Networks

 

Abstract

The problem of innovative transformation of railway power supply networks Is Investigated and the direction of researchrelates to the organization of differential mathematical models of optimization of procedures by control of high-speed technological processes of power supply of railways. A graphis proposed, whose logical structure adequately reflects the architecture of the computerized network for managing the power supply system and developed its differential mathematical model. On the basis of the principle of minimax, the optimal strategy of intellectualization of the power supply processes in each of the nodes of the computer network was developed for the cases of the worst combination of the intensity of the requests and the intensity of their service. Hereis a way to ensure that the specified performance of the individual no desands egments of theintelligent computer control network by exploring the extremum off unctionality, implemented in the field of T-images using differential spectra.

Read More About This Article: https://crimsonpublishers.com/oabb/fulltext/OABB.000555.php

Read More About Crimson Publishers: https://crimsonpublishers.com/

Maximum Entropy Risk Model for Investment Management

Abstract

In the present communication Markowitz’s method of mean- variance efficient frontier has been explained. Some introductory entropy models and concepts related to risk in investments have been discussed. Risk aversion index and Pareto-optimal sharing of risk have been defined. A new measure of risk based on maximum entropy principle has been studied in detail. Mathematics Subject Classification 2000: 91b24 and 94a15.

Read More About This Article: https://crimsonpublishers.com/oabb/pdf/OABB.000554.pdf

Read More About Crimson Publishers: https://crimsonpublishers.com/

COVID-19 Epidemic: China and ex-China

 

Abstract

Here we report the current COVID-19 epidemic in terms of mortality and recovery compared to the confirmed patient population of provinces in China as well as countries outside of China. Data was obtained from the Center for System Science and Engineering (CSSE) by Johns Hopkins University (JHU) and was plotted in log-log charts. For China, mortality dropped as low as 0.08% but then converged to a band of 1%-5%, with the median value of 1.1% as of March 9th, 2020. For countries outside of China, mortality dropped to a low of 0.2% with a median value of 2.4% as of March 9th, 2020. This difference was statistically significant with p=0.0057.A bi-modal distribution in mortality was observed for both China and countries outside of China, which would concur with reports mentioning two possible strains of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. China exhibited a median recovery rate of 95.0% with the lowest being Hubei province with a recovery rate of 57%. Outside of China, the median recovery rate was 10.7% and was significantly lower than that of China, p <0.0001, t-test. Distribution-wise, both China and countries outside of China were observed to be similar. As of now, the spread of COVID-19 in countries outside of China are showing properties more similar to that of Hubei–the epicenter of COVID-19 epidemic in China.

Read More About This Article: https://crimsonpublishers.com/oabb/fulltext/OABB.000552.php

Read More About Crimson Publishers: https://crimsonpublishers.com/

Modeling of Capture Fisheries and Effectiveness of the Current Gear Restriction: The Case of Lake Tana, Ethiopia_Crimson Publishers

 Modeling of Capture Fisheries and Effectiveness of the Current Gear Restriction: The Case of Lake Tana, Ethiopia by Erkie A in Open Access Biostatistics & Bioinformatics

Following the exponentially increased demand for fishes, magnificent number of individuals are participated in various stages of capture fisheries in order to improve their livelihood. However, in Lake Tana fisheries, regulations related to gear restriction (fishing net and mesh size), destructive way of fishing, closing of spawning season and site, and amount of harvest are a loosely (almost not) regulated. This is attributed to weak institutions that have no incentives for fishers to manage efficiently in a way that maximized their present and future benefits. As a management framework, fishing gear restriction reduces the burden on the open access fishery and endangered species. On the other hand, ITQs encourage increased responsibility and accountability by quota owners for management and enhancement of the fishery resource. In this regard, ITQs is more efficient than gear restriction because of it creates sense of ownership and its flexibility in providing stable and profitable market.

https://crimsonpublishers.com/oabb/fulltext/OABB.000550.php

For more Open access journals in Crimson Publishers please click on the link https://crimsonpublishers.com/

For more articles in Biostatistics & Bioinformaticsplease click on the link

https://crimsonpublishers.com/oabb/

Portfolio Analysis in Finance Mathematics_Crimson Publishers

 Portfolio Analysis in Finance Mathematics by DS Hooda in Open access Biostatistics & Bioinformatics

In the present paper a brief account of the deterministic model due to Marko is given and the concept of mean variance efficient frontier to find all efficient portfolios that maximize the expected returns and minimize the variance are introduced. Some measures of portfolio analysis based on entropy meanvariance frontier and maximum entropy model in risk sharing are proposed and studied.

https://crimsonpublishers.com/oabb/pdf/OABB.000546.pdf

For more Open access journals in Crimson Publishers please click on the link https://crimsonpublishers.com/

For more articles in Biostatistics & Bioinformaticsplease click on the link

https://crimsonpublishers.com/oabb/

Western Literature on Stupidity Reviewed_Crimson Publishers

Western Literature on Stupidity Reviewed by James F Welles in Open Access Biostatistics & Bioinformatics

 This review of the literature on stupidity demonstrates it has been and is a topic of interest among literati from Greek and Biblical times to the present. Recent writings on the topic are mostly anecdotal and with two exceptions indicate a lack of scientific analysis in the phenome-non.

https://crimsonpublishers.com/oabb/abstract/OABB.000544.php

For more Open access journals in Crimson Publishers please click on the link https://crimsonpublishers.com/

For more articles in Biostatistics & Bioinformaticsplease click on the link

https://crimsonpublishers.com/oabb/

Meta-Analysis of a Very Low Proportion Through Adjusted Wald Confidence Intervals_Crimson Publishers

Meta-Analysis of a Very Low Proportion Through Adjusted Wald Confidence Intervals by Afreixo V in Open Access Biostatistics & Bioinformatics

In this paper we will discuss the meta-analysis of one low proportion. It is well known, that there are several methods to perform the meta-analysis of one proportion, based on a linear combination of proportions or transformed proportions. However, in the context of a linear combination of binomial proportions has been proposed some approximate estimators with some improvements on low proportion estimation. In this paper we will show, with a simple adaptation, the possible contribution of several approximate adjusted Wald confidence intervals (CIs) for the meta-analysis of proportions. In the context of low proportions, a simulation study scenario is carried out to compare these CIs amongst themselves and with other available methods with respect to bias and coverage probabilities, using the fixed effect or the random-effects model. 

https://crimsonpublishers.com/oabb/abstract/OABB.000545.php

For more Open access journals in Crimson Publishers 

please click on the link https://crimsonpublishers.com/

For more articles in Biostatistics & Bioinformatics 

please click on the link https://crimsonpublishers.com/oabb/

Stupidity and the Sexes_Crimson Publishers

Stupidity and the Sexes by James F Welles in Open Access Biostatistics & Bioinformatics

Unfortunately, the cognitive basis for much social stupidity is not discrimination based on ability but the human tendency to generalize behavior of differentiated members of a group into the form of a representative stereotype. This streamlines social decisions, as individual variation can be ignored, and reactions keyed to specific characteristics deemed definitive for behavioral inter-action. However, the loss to stereotyping is obvious: individuals are raised up or put down not due to their individual abilities but because they are lumped into a linguistic category. Women, for ex-ample, have been universally and eternally victimized by stereotyping [1] to the degree that 400 years ago expert on females, Cardinal de Richelieu concluded “Intellect in a woman is unbecoming” [2].

https://crimsonpublishers.com/oabb/abstract/OABB.000543.php 

For more Open access journals in Crimson Publishers please click on the link https://crimsonpublishers.com/

For more articles in Biostatistics & Bioinformaticsplease click on the link

https://crimsonpublishers.com/oabb/

Review on Economics of Teff in Ethiopia_Crimson Publishers

Review on Economics of Teff in Ethiopia by Fikadu, Asmiro Abeje in Open Access Biostatistics & Bioinformatics

Teff is widely cultivated throughout Ethiopia as a staple cereal crop, which appears in everyone’s dishes of everyday life. With a gluten free and high nutrition values; teff could be the next super-grain and Injera could be the next super-food in the globe. Teff productions in terms of cultivated area and number of producers are incredibly increases over the last 14 years. Teff is the second most important cash crop and generating about 500 million USA dollar incomes per year for local farmers. Apart from this, teff producing farmers are highly depending on the behavior of the other teff producing farmers who spatially closed. Moreover, Teff straw is produced in the largest quantities estimating about 6.93% of the total quantity of cereal crop’s straw produced in the country; this helps to address the insufficient animal feed supply for animal production and productivity improvement through enhancing its palatability. The exports of teff in terms of injera in 2015 were estimated at around 10 million US dollar, and the main injera global market outlets were North America, Middle East, and Europe. Among several teff production constraints, technical inefficiency has a leading one. Due to the technical inefficiency of teff production; about 0.4ton/ha grain yield gap between the expected maximum potential and the actual teff grain yield. Teff grain yield gap is estimated about1.1 million ton in 2013 at countrywide due to technical inefficiency. Thus, this review as sought to ascertain of the economics of teff and put highlight policy implication for further assuring food security through teff.

https://crimsonpublishers.com/oabb/fulltext/OABB.000542.php

For more Open access journals in Crimson Publishers please click on the link https://crimsonpublishers.com/

For more articles in Biostatistics & Bioinformaticsplease click on the link

https://crimsonpublishers.com/oabb/